Hindu Trimurti: Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva

The Trimurti is a concept in Hinduism representing the three primary deities: Brahma (the creator), Vishnu (the preserver), and Shiva (the destroyer). It is important because it embodies the cyclical nature of existence, highlighting the interconnectedness of creation, maintenance, and destruction within the universe. 

There are several expressions of Trinitarian sensitivity in Hinduism, some of which are esoteric and others within a particular orthodoxy. For example, Sat-chid-ananda, the concept of being-knowledge-bliss, is a profound expression of this mystery. We will adopt the view that stems from the notion that the different powers discerned in contemplating the universe—like the creation of our universe—are associated with three distinct aspects of the divine mystery. 

Brahma, often depicted with four heads, symbolizing his all-encompassing knowledge, is considered the creator of the universe and all beings. Vishnu preserves order and balance in the universe, even intervening in the cycles of nature through avatars (divine descents) to restore balance in times of need. Shiva is responsible for dissolving the universe to allow for renewal and rebirth and is, therefore, known to be the destroyer or transformer.

While we understand the universe through science today, the ancient ways of understanding are not necessarily untrue: they need to be seen from a different perspective. And we need to respect that particular angle. If we respect it, we can appreciate it. This respect for different perspectives helps us value the paths of others who are also on the spiritual path. We are all journeying towards one source.

Joseph Campbell did much to help us understand that myth is a symbolic story. We cannot approach it rationally, although there is a branch of science, Semiotics, an academic discipline, that can help us understand the symbolism particular to mythology. And so, in that spirit, we can explore the experience of the Trinity that is classic within Hinduism, in which Brahma is associated with all the creativity within the universe and is assigned a specific function, that of the creator. And where Vishnu is assigned a particular function as the preserver of all that Brahma creates, or all that is made, there is some sense of temporary continuity to preserve some semblance of stability in the universe. Vishnu is also associated with stability.

But Shiva, on the other hand, is the destroyer; from a positive standpoint, the one who transforms because nothing organic can last forever. And so when we look at the underlying reality of atoms and molecules, or atoms in particular, at that level of reality, there is a type of consistency. However, when we examine how atoms are combined to form molecules and how these molecules change structure, we see that they combine to create life. Life structures are constantly broken down and reassimilated into the atomic structure, generating new life forms.

We have this holy mystery in which there is a cycle of birth and death, along with some semblance of what we call life. And so, there is a perspective in which Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva can be seen in relation to these functions of creation, preservation, and destruction. However, it is by no means a singular theology that defines Hinduism because, for instance, from the perspective of Shaivism, all three powers are associated with Shiva, as Shiva is considered the ultimate reality.

There are numerous perspectives within Hinduism, and what is extraordinary about it is its ability to hold various seemingly contradictory views or statements, which are resolved from other perspectives. And unless we know those different perspectives, it is easy to limit Hinduism to something relatively simple from one perspective. And so, in that spirit, here is a meditation because when we use mantras as a form of prayer, the purpose is not to understand these symbolic theologies rationally but to be able to enter into the experience.

To fully immerse ourselves in the experience, we must temporarily set aside our analytical thoughts, allowing us to encounter the mystery. And so, if you would like to try to give yourself that experience, then use these words: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, along with the word "Jaya," which means to give praise, but also a word for victory, as each of these functions is a victorious one. 

MEDITATE, ENGAGE IN CALL-AND-RESPONSE OR CHANT ALONG (IMPROVISE)

The Trimurti is significant because it emphasizes that creation, preservation, and destruction are all part of a continuous cycle essential for the universe's ongoing existence. In the Hindu worldview, life is a combination of birth and death. In other words, life is not the opposite of death; birth is its opposite.

Such an understanding has profound implications for how we approach our lives. Imagine seeing birth and death as natural aspects of life, interwoven at every level except the one where eternal life is present as the indestructible, unchanging essence of consciousness.

Enlightenment is the awakening to the infinite presence within us, as our true self, our essential nature, which sets us free from the cycle of birth and death. This awakening is one of the many spiritual gifts that Hinduism has brought to the world.

While seemingly different, the three deities — Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva — are viewed as aspects of a singular Ultimate Reality, referred to as Brahman, in the Vedas and Upanishads. This Brahman is the source of all. Bede Griffiths would sometimes associate Brahman with God the Father.

The Trimurti highlights the interconnectedness of these distinct divine roles—creation, preservation, and destruction — in maintaining cosmic balance. Understanding the Trimurti can deepen our appreciation of the cyclical nature of life, the impermanence of all things, and the importance of balance in existence.